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María Mamérita Mestanza: el caso de las esterilizaciones forzadas en Perú sigue estancado

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02.09.2015

Contraception Latin America & Caribbean

María Mamérita Mestanza: el caso de las esterilizaciones forzadas en Perú sigue estancado

Justin Goldberg

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María Mamérita Mestanza: el caso de las esterilizaciones forzadas en Perú sigue estancado
https://reproductiverights.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Casa_Image.jpg

El pasado 4 de febrero en Lima, APRODEH, CEJIL,
DEMUS, CLADEM, la Comisión Nacional de Derechos Humanos, el Centro Flora
Tristán, IAMAMC, MAM Fundacional y SER, expresaron su preocupación frente al incumplimiento
de los compromisos adquiridos por el Estado peruano en el acuerdo de solución amistosa
del caso de María Mamérita Mestanza. La amenaza a dicho cumplimiento surge ya
que el Fiscal designado en provisionalidad para investigar los casos de
esterilizaciones forzadas se postuló para otro cargo, retrasando
aún más las investigaciones sobre los responsables de estas graves violaciones
de derechos humanos. ,


En el pronunciamiento se exigió al Estado de
Perú que cumpla con su obligación internacional de investigar con la debida
diligencia los hechos, lo cual incluye no generar dilaciones indebidas en la etapa
preliminar de la investigación. En ese mismo sentido Amnistía Internacional se pronunció en enero de 2015,
exhortando a las autoridades estatales para que garanticen el derecho a la
justicia y a la reparación de todas las mujeres víctimas de esta práctica
sistemática de violaciones graves y masivas.


En 1998, María Mamérita Mestanza, mujer
campesina en la población de La Encañada, murió debido a complicaciones de
salud por la mala calidad del procedimiento de ligadura de trompas. Dicho
procedimiento se llevó a cabo como parte del Programa Nacional de Salud
Reproductiva y Planificación Familiar durante el gobierno de Alberto Fujimori,
bajo el cual cerca de 350.000 mujeres y 25.000 hombres fueron esterilizados de
manera forzada durante el período 1990-2000.


Este Programa fue justificado como una política
de control poblacional para enfrentar la pobreza en el país. No obstante, el
caso de Mestanza como el de las otras miles de mujeres, demuestran que fue una
política pública para controlar la reproducción de las mujeres pobres,
indígenas y de zonas rurales.


En octubre de 2003, la Comisión Interamericana
de Derechos Humanos aprobó el acuerdo amistoso del caso y el Estado de Perú se
comprometió a investigar y sancionar a los responsables de las esterilizaciones
forzadas, así como reparar de manera integral a la familia de Mestanza. Luego
de 17 años de ocurrido los hechos, aún no se han identificado ni sancionado a
los responsables. A las organizaciones que acompañamos el caso, nos preocupa la
inefectividad judicial y la falta de voluntad por parte del Estado peruano para
cumplir con sus obligaciones internacionales asumidas en el acuerdo de solución
amistosa.

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