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07.19.2017

Senado Chileno Aprueba Ley de Aborto

Justin Goldberg

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Senado Chileno Aprueba Ley de Aborto

(COMUNICADO DE
PRENSA)
Después de más de dos años de deliberaciones en el
Congreso, hoy el Senado de Chile aprobó un proyecto de ley que permitiría a las
mujeres acceder a servicios legales y seguros de aborto en casos donde su vida
corra peligro, cuando haya ocurrido violencia sexual, o cuando el feto sea
inviable. El proyecto de ley busca revocar la prohibición absoluta del aborto
en Chile, la cual ha estado vigente por casi treinta años desde que se promulgó
la ley bajo el régimen de Pinochet.


La presidenta Michelle Bachelet introdujo este
proyecto de ley en enero de 2015. Posteriormente, el texto fue aprobado en los Comités
Constitucional y de Salud dentro de la Cámara de Diputados, y del Senado. Con
plena aprobación del Congreso, el proyecto de ley se dirige otra vez a la Cámara
de Diputas para aprobación.  


En la actualidad, Chile y Surinam son los únicos dos países
en América del Sur que no permiten el aborto en ninguna circunstancia, incluso en
casos en que el embarazo represente un riesgo para la vida de la mujer. Según
el Instituto Guttmacher, casi 200.000 abortos inseguros son practicados cada
año en Chile.


Lilian Sepúlveda, vicepresidenta del Programa Legal
Global del Centro de Derechos Reproductivos, mencionó:


“Hoy el
Congreso chileno se puso del lado de millones de mujeres y niñas al aprobar
este histórico proyecto de ley para proteger su salud, su seguridad y sus
derechos humanos fundamentales.


“Como
mujer chilena, estoy orgullosa de ver el progreso y la voluntad política de mi
país para legalizar el aborto.


“La Cámara
de Diputados no puede retrasar la aprobación de esta importante legislación
que  acercará a Chile a cumplir con sus
obligaciones de respetar y proteger los derechos de todas las niñas y mujeres”.


Aunque el código de salud de Chile de 1931 legalizó el
aborto en ciertas circunstancias, una ley aprobada en 1989 prohibió el aborto
en todos los casos, incluso cuando el embarazo pone en peligro la vida de la
mujer. Según el Ministerio de
Salud de Chile
, en el 2008, más de 33.000 mujeres fueron
hospitalizadas debido a complicaciones por abortos.


En mayo de 2017, la Comisión Interamericana de
Derechos Humanos (CIDH) -el principal órgano de derechos humanos para el continente-
convocó a una audiencia pública sobre el
estado del proyecto de ley de aborto en Chile, donde el Centro de Derechos
Reproductivos, la Corporación Miles Chile y la Fundación Isabel Allende,
testificaron y solicitaron a la CIDH que exhortara al Gobierno Chileno a dar  urgencia a la aprobación del proyecto de ley.
El proyecto cuenta con un amplio apoyo de organizaciones de derechos de las
mujeres en Chile, expertos en derechos humanos internacionales y regionales, y
voces influyentes en Chile, tal y como la de Isabel Allende.


Según
un reporte del 2014
publicado por el Centro de Derechos Reproductivos, en los últimos 20 años, 35
países han reformado sus leyes restrictivas para permitir el acceso a servicios
de aborto legal y seguro – una tendencia legal que ha permitido mejorar las
vidas de muchas mujeres, incluyendo la reducción de las tasas de mortalidad
materna que ocurren debido a abortos inseguros. El reporte fue lanzado junto
con el Mapa de Leyes sobre Aborto en el Mundo –
una de las herramientas más completas sobre el estado de las leyes de aborto en
todo el mundo.


 


###

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