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Perú reconoce ante la ONU la necesidad de garantizar ciertos derechos reproductivos

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01.28.2013

Perú reconoce ante la ONU la necesidad de garantizar ciertos derechos reproductivos

Justin Goldberg

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Perú reconoce ante la ONU la necesidad de garantizar ciertos derechos reproductivos


En los últimos meses de 2012, dos organismos de derechos humanos de Naciones Unidas emitieron sus conclusiones sobre Perú, e incluyeron varios
asuntos que tienen repercusiones directas sobre el panorama de los derechos reproductivos en el país. En las dos instancias, el Centro de Derechos
Reproductivos presentó reportes con recomendaciones que fueron aceptadas e incorporadas en las conclusiones.



Consejo de Derechos Humanos da la ONU: Examen Periódico Universal



El Consejo de Derechos Humanos emitió su informe tras finalizar el segundo Examen Periódico Universal de Perú. Perú aceptó varias
recomendaciones relevantes para los derechos reproductivos, una clara indicación de que el Estado pretende tomar medidas para mejorar los servicios de
salud reproductiva en todo el país. Es de suma importancia destacar que  el Estado aceptó una recomendación sobre la adopción e
implementación de un protocolo de atención para “garantizar el acceso al aborto terapéutico en condiciones de igualdad” para todas las
mujeres. Con la implementación del protocolo el Estado cumpliría algunas de las recomendaciones hechas por dos organismos diferentes de derechos
humanos en los casos emblemáticos del Centro:

K.L. c. Perú (link está sólo en inglés) y L.C. c. Perú. Después de años de
inactividad, el tan esperado cumplimiento de Perú con esas recomendaciones es un paso crucial para avanzar en la salud de las mujeres.



El Estado también aceptó una recomendación planteada por el Centro en su informe suplementario para el proceso. Específicamente,
sugerimos la adopción del Enfoque Estratégico de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) para mejorar las políticas y programas de
salud sexual y reproductiva-esencialmente se trata de un proceso, conducido por el Ministerio de Salud junto con la OMS, en el que se revisan todas las
políticas de salud reproductiva en el país. El Estado también aceptó una recomendación para garantizar que las adolescentes tengan
acceso a servicios de salud sexual y reproductiva, e informar a las mujeres y adolescentes sobre sus derechos bajo la ley peruana.



Comité contra la Tortura de la ONU



El aborto es criminalizado en Perú con pocas excepciones, que no siempre son claras para las mujeres o los profesionales de la salud. Además, a
pesar de que la píldora de anticoncepción de emergencia (PAE) técnicamente es legal, no está disponible para muchas mujeres que la
necesitan porque la Corte Constitucional declaró inconstitucional su distribución en el servicio público de salud. Al recomendarle a
Perú que garantice el acceso a la PAE, el Comité contra la Tortura enmarca la negación de este medicamento esencial de salud reproductiva,
en particular en casos de violación, como trato cruel e inhumano. El Comité también hizo hincapié en la alta tasa de mortalidad materna
como evidencia de que los abortos ilegales son frecuentes, ciertamente en razón a la situación descrita.



El Comité instó al Estado a legalizar el aborto en los casos de violación e incesto, y a establecer excepciones expresas para el aborto
terapéutico. Igualmente insta al Estado a legalizar la PAE, y a  aclarar públicamente que estos servicios son legales.



El Comité también recomendó al Estado tomar todas las medidas para que nadie – incluyendo personas con discapacidades mentales—sea
esterilizado sin su consentimiento informado.



El Centro felicita a Perú por aceptar las recomendaciones del Examen Periódico Universal. Instamos a las autoridades a considerar e implementar
las recomendaciones del Comité contra la Tortura de la ONU y a mejorar la salud y el bienestar de las mujeres en Perú.



Observaciones Finales del Comité contra la Tortura sobre Perú &gt,
 



Informe del Consejo de Derechos Humanos del segundo Examen Periódico Universal de Perú &gt,

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