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Inicia litigio contra Perú en la CIDH por no proveer servicios de salud integral a víctimas de violencia sexual

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06.24.2020

In the Courts Abortion Latin America & Caribbean News

Inicia litigio contra Perú en la CIDH por no proveer servicios de salud integral a víctimas de violencia sexual

Justin Goldberg

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Lima y Bogotá — La Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos (CIDH) admitió por primera vez un caso contra Perú por obstaculizar el acceso integral de atención en salud a una víctima de violación sexual. El caso admitido es el de María, una mujer peruana de escasos recursos que fue víctima de un grupo de agresores sexuales y que, hasta la fecha, se mantiene en la impunidad.



La atención urgente de salud que María requería luego de la violación sexual fue supeditada a la obligación de interponer una denuncia penal. Una vez admitida en el centro de salud, no se le aseguraron, entre otros servicios, atención en salud mental, ni se le proporcionó el medicamento esencial para la Anticoncepción Oral de Emergencia (AOE) en el contexto de una agresión sexual, insumo conocido de manera popular como “pastilla del día siguiente”. No le informaron que requería AOE pues tenía el riesgo de quedar embarazada. A María solo le dejaron una fórmula médica sin información precisa, adecuada y suficiente. Tampoco le proveyeron ningún tipo de recurso para acceder al medicamento o al acompañamiento de salud que necesitaba.



En abril de 2016, Promsex, Paz y Esperanza y el Centro de Derechos Reproductivos (CRR, por sus siglas en inglés) decidieron llevar este caso ante la CIDH para que María pueda obtener justicia y reparación plena y que el Perú garantice a toda la población, en especial a las víctimas de violencia sexual, el acceso a integral a servicios de salud, sin limitaciones, en condiciones de igualdad, incluyendo garantías para la información y suministro de la AOE.  



La CIDH ha informado que encuentra mérito para admitir este caso en contra del Estado peruano debido a la falta de esclarecimiento de estos hechos, la falta de sanción de los responsables, la negación del acceso a la AOE en condiciones de igualdad, así como la falta de información para hacer uso de ese procedimiento farmacológico.



A partir de la notificación del informe de admisibilidad, las organizaciones colitigantes tienen cuatro meses para presentar sus observaciones de fondo, los cuales serán trasladados al Perú para que presente su respuesta sobre las violaciones de derechos humanos cometidas en este caso.



¿Qué pasa en Perú con la “pastilla del día siguiente”?



En la actualidad existe una orden judicial local que obliga al Estado peruano a suministrar la AOE pero en la práctica siguen existiendo múltiples barreras administrativas y prejuicios de género que dificultan la distribución segura e igualitaria de este insumo esencial. Debido a eso muchas personas se ven obligadas a adquirir la “pastilla del día siguiente” comprándola en farmacias, lo cual limita su uso a quienes tienen suficientes recursos económicos para pagarla y viola los derechos sexuales y reproductivos de las personas que viven en contextos de vulnerabilidad, en especial aquellas que han sido víctimas de violación sexual.


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