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La FDA toma medidas para ampliar el acceso al aborto con medicamentos

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01.03.2023

Engaging Policymakers Abortion United States News

La FDA toma medidas para ampliar el acceso al aborto con medicamentos

Nat Ray
La autoridad de regulación de medicamentos en Estados Unidos permitirá de forma permanente el acceso al aborto con píldoras en farmacias y por correo

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01.03.2023 (COMUNICADO DE PRENSA) – Esta semana la Administración de Alimentos y Medicamentos de Estados Unidos (FDA, por sus siglas en inglés) anunció que la mifepristona —uno de los dos medicamentos utilizados en el aborto— ahora se puede vender directamente a las pacientes con prescripción médica. La FDA también ha eliminado permanentemente el requisito que obligaba a las pacientes a acudir personalmente para acceder a una interrupción voluntaria del embarazo (IVE).

La restricción anterior que obligaba a las pacientes a acudir personalmente a un consultorio médico, hospital o centro de salud para adquirir mifepristona, en lugar de a una farmacia o pedirlo por correo —como se permite con otros medicamentos igualmente seguros— se levantó temporalmente en 2021 debido a la pandemia de Covid-19. Pero el anuncio de esta semana hace permanente esa derogación. Esta decisión llega después de que la FDA llevará a cabo una revisión exhaustiva de la necesidad o no de estas restricciones.

Declaración de Nancy Northup, presidenta y directora ejecutiva del Centro de Derechos Reproductivos:

“Aplaudimos a la FDA por haber dado hoy un paso importante para mejorar de forma permanente el acceso al aborto con medicamentos en EE.UU. Ahora en los estados donde el aborto es legal, las personas podrán acceder a un aborto con medicamentos de prescripción a través de su farmacia local o por correo, como sucede con otros medicamentos igualmente seguros.

Es una buena noticia para la ciencia y para las pacientes. Desde que la FDA aprobó la mifepristona hace más de 20 años, se ha demostrado que es excepcionalmente segura y eficaz. Se trata de una decisión con sentido común que da prioridad a la ciencia y la seguridad sobre la política.

Este anuncio significa que las personas en los estados donde el aborto es legal podrán consultar con sus prestadores de servicios de salud y acceder al aborto con medicamentos de la manera que más les convenga, bien sea a través de la farmacia de su barrio o por correo. Sin embargo, 12 estados han prohibido el aborto y esta medida no cambiará en nada su situación, razón por la cual el Congreso debe aprobar la Ley de Protección de la Salud de la Mujer para garantizar que el derecho a acceder al aborto esté protegido en todo el país. Con el aborto bajo ataque en tantas partes de EE.UU., mejorar el acceso es un imperativo de salud pública que no puede esperar”.

El aborto con medicamentos representa más de la mitad (54%) de todos los abortos en EE.UU. Desde que la FDA aprobó el aborto con medicamentos en el año 2000, ha sido usado por más de cuatro millones de mujeres. Hay registros muy bien documentados que demuestran la seguridad de su uso en el mundo real y en más de 100 publicaciones en revistas de investigación revisadas por pares. Puede encontrar más información en inglés sobre la seguridad del aborto con medicamentos en este enlace (en inglés).

Actualmente, el aborto es ilegal en doce estados de Estados Unidos, lo que deja a más de 70 millones de personas sin acceso a este servicio esencial de salud. Por lo menos 66 clínicas de todo el país se han visto obligadas a interrumpir sus servicios de aborto. Y 18 estados han prohibido el acceso al aborto con medicamentos por telemedicina.

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