European Abortion Laws: A Comparative Overview
An overview of abortion laws and policies in all 47 European countries.
The Center for Reproductive Rights monitors and analyzes European abortion laws and advocates for reform of laws to ensure that they reflect international human rights standards and best medical practice.
For more than 80 years, the overwhelming trend has been for European countries to liberalize their abortion laws and legalize access to abortion. Today, almost all European countries allow abortion on request or on broad social grounds, and only a very small minority maintain highly restrictive laws.
However, a range of medically unnecessary procedural and regulatory requirements remain enshrined in some countries’ laws, including mandatory waiting periods or mandatory counseling prior to abortion, the criminalization of abortion performed outside the scope of the law, and burdensome third-party authorization requirements. In recent years, a number of European countries have begun to enact important reforms or to remove harmful procedural and regulatory barriers that can impede access to legal abortion.
European Abortion Laws: A Comparative Overview—updated in September 2023 to reflect changes in Malta, Finland and Spain—provides an overview of abortion laws and policies in all 47 European countries. With a range of visual tools for analyzing the laws, the report also provides a snapshot of the legal and policy barriers that continue to impede access to abortion in many European countries.