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El Comité de Derechos Humanos critica a Perú por su ley de aborto altamente restrictiva

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05.21.2013

News

El Comité de Derechos Humanos critica a Perú por su ley de aborto altamente restrictiva

Justin Goldberg

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El Comité de Derechos Humanos critica a Perú por su ley de aborto altamente restrictiva

El Comité de Derechos Humanos de las Naciones Unidas recientemente criticó a Perú por una amplia gama de violaciones de derechos reproductivos, incluyendo su restrictiva ley de aborto y su alta tasa de mortalidad materna.



Durante su 107ª sesión en marzo de 2013, el Comité de Derechos Humanos revisó el cumplimiento de Perú con el Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos y emitió observaciones finales al Estado sobre una serie de repetidas violaciones de los derechos reproductivos de mujeres. Antes de la sesión, el Centro y la Comisión Internacional de Juristas presentaron una carta sombra al Comité que llama a Perú a establecer un protocolo nacional para el aborto terapéutico, hacer excepciones a la ley de aborto en casos de violación sexual e inseminación forzada, asi como a pagar las reparaciones individuales a K.L. de acuerdo a lo establecido en el dictamen del Comité de Derechos Humanos de 2005, K.L. vs. Peru.



El Comité expresó su preocupación por la alta tasa de mortalidad materna como resultado de abortos inseguros y por la alta tasa de mortalidad materna en adolescentes y mujeres rurales. Al igual que en las recientes recomendaciones del Comité contra la Tortura y el Consejo de Derechos Humanos, el Comité de Derechos Humanos instó a que Perú revise su ley de aborto para que incluya excepciones para casos de violación sexual e incesto, y que adopte un protocolo nacional que regule el aborto terapéutico. Notablemente, no es la primera vez que el Comité de Derechos Humanos realiza estas recomendaciones a Perú, un indicador de que el Estado no está priorizando la adopcion de cambios en las leyes y políticas que protegerían las vidas y la salud de las mujeres peruanas.



Las recomendaciones del Comité son similares a las recomendaciones generales que recibió Perú en dos de los casos emblemáticos del Centro: K.L. vs. Perú, decidido por este mismo Comité, y L.C. vs. Perú, decidido por el Comité para la Eliminación de la Discriminación contra la Mujer (Comité CEDAW).



En el caso de K.L., una niña de 17 años se le negó un aborto terapéutico apesar del diagnóstico del feto como anencefálico, una condición incompatible con la vida. En el caso L.C., una niña de 13 años también se le negó un aborto legal que era necesario para salvar su salud, y ahora es tetrapléjica. Su embarazo era resultado de una violación sexual. Nuestra carta sombra discute ambos casos y pide la implementación de las recomendaciones realizadas en cada decisión.



Además de la recomendación para revisar la ley del aborto, el Comité de Derechos Humanos pidió que Perú reduzca la tasa de embarazos adolescentes y de mortalidad materna y que garatice acceso a la anticoncepción de emergencia, que es particularmente esencial para adolescentes y víctimas de violencia sexual.



Las observaciones finales del Comité abordan los grandes problemas que continúan afectando las mujeres en Perú, a pesar de los precedentes establecidos por las decisiones de K.L. y L.C. y las recomendaciones que otros órganos de monitoreo de tratados de las Naciones Unidas han hecho. La falta de cumplimiento con la adopcion de medidas de no repetición en los dos casos de Perú demuestra por qué siguen planteando estas cuestiones y constituye una violación continuada de los derechos de las mujeres en el Perú. Las niñas y mujeres deben poder ejercer su derecho legal al aborto. Instamos al Estado peruano a tomar estas recomendaciones en serio y poner en práctica las políticas que garanticen el derecho a la vida y la salud de las mujeres.



Observaciones finales del Comité de Derechos Humanos al Estado peruano (link está sólo en inglés) >,  



Carta sombra del Centro y CIJ >,





 




 



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