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Corte Suprema de Honduras reafirma prohibición de venta, distribución y uso de PAE

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02.29.2012

Contraception Latin America & Caribbean

Corte Suprema de Honduras reafirma prohibición de venta, distribución y uso de PAE

Justin Goldberg

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(COMUNICADO DE PRENSA) Un dictamen de la Corte Suprema de Justicia de Honduras ha confirmado la validez de un decreto legislativo que prohíbe la
anticoncepción de emergencia y sanciona la venta, distribución y uso de la llamada “píldora del día después” con penas
equivalentes a las del aborto, procedimiento que en Honduras se encuentra absolutamente prohibido.



“Al prohibir y penalizar la anticoncepción de emergencia, Honduras le está diciendo al mundo que antes que proporcionar a sus mujeres
métodos anticonceptivos seguros y eficaces, prefiere encarcelarlas,” expresó Luisa Cabal, Directora del Programa Internacional del Centro de
Derechos Reproductivos. “El dictamen de la Corte Suprema de Justicia desestima abiertamente los derechos reproductivos fundamentales de la mujer y hace
tabla rasa de la opinión de las principales instituciones de salud del mundo entero. Estamos ante un fallo que causará graves daños a la
vida de innumerables mujeres y médicos de todo el país”.



El Centro de Derechos Reproductivos y diversos organismos nacionales e internacionales de defensa de los derechos de la mujer denunciaron el decreto
que penaliza la anticoncepción de emergencia desde el momento mismo de su aprobación legislativa en abril de 2009. Este esfuerzo logró
que el entonces presidente José Manuel Zelaya vetara la medida un mes después de su aprobación, tras lo cual la normativa pasó a
revisión de la Corte Suprema.



En octubre de 2009, el ministro de salud del gobierno de facto que llegó al poder tras el golpe de estado de junio de ese año expidió un
reglamento administrativo que prohibía la anticoncepción de emergencia, a pesar de no existir aún un pronunciamiento de la Corte Suprema
que permitiese la aplicación de sanciones penales.
A casi tres años después del veto impuesto por el Presidente Zelaya, el dictamen de hoy permite al Congreso Nacional de Honduras hacer
efectivas las sanciones penales propuestas en contra de los profesionales médicos que distribuyan y vendan la anticoncepción de emergencia y
de cualquier mujer que utilice o intente utilizar este producto con el objeto de impedir un embarazo no previsto.



En Honduras se sanciona a quienes realicen un aborto con penas de tres a diez años de prisión, dependiendo de si hay consentimiento de la
mujer o uso de violencia e intimidación. La mujer que se somete a un aborto, por su parte, enfrenta penas de tres a seis años de cárcel.
Tras el dictamen de hoy, la sola posesión de una píldora anticonceptiva de emergencia podrá ser considerada como tentativa de aborto.



De todos los esfuerzos realizados por sectores conservadores para coartar el acceso a la anticoncepción de emergencia en todo el mundo, y más
concretamente en América Central y América Latina -especialmente en Argentina, Chile, Ecuador y Perú- la prohibición hondureña
es la más excesiva. La prohibición a ultranza de la anticoncepción de emergencia está ampliamente reconocida por organismos de
derechos humanos de nivel regional e internacional, tales como la Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, como una
violación de la prerrogativa de la mujer de ejercer sus derechos fundamentales.



Estudios científicos realizados en el mundo entero concuerdan que la anticoncepción de emergencia es un método seguro y eficaz tras
relaciones sexuales sin protección o cuando falla la anticoncepción habitual. Al contrario de informes falaces que la describen como “una
píldora abortiva”, la anticoncepción de emergencia no es otra cosa que una dosis mayor de los ingredientes utilizados en las píldoras
anticonceptivas comunes, la cual opera impidiendo la fecundación del óvulo.



La anticoncepción de emergencia es un instrumento fundamental en la prevención del embarazo no planificado, especialmente en países
donde los métodos anticonceptivos habituales no son fáciles de conseguir. Prácticamente la mitad de las jóvenes sexualmente activas de
Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua y El Salvador tienen dificultad para conseguir anticonceptivos modernos, cifra que es mucho mayor en el caso de las
mujeres solteras y más aún en el de las adolescentes.

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